Archive for the ‘Security’ Category

Save This List: How to Help Prevent a Web Application Security Breach

by FireHost Evangelist on December 16th, 2009

CSA_07In a previous post, we provided information you’ll need to know immediately if your website is successfully hacked. It included recommendations on how and when to:

Step 1 Announce and assess the breach
Step 2 Conduct a deeper investigation
Step 3 Notify affected individuals and organizations and begin remediation
Step 4 Re-launch
Step 5 Communicate the resolution publicly and to affected parties
Step 6 Take steps to remediate vulnerabilities and prevent a future breach

Today’s discussion takes a deeper look into step six, preventing cyber crime at small and medium sized businesses. The truth is that security measures in place at most SMBs are “easy pickings” for hackers, and there is a booming community of C2C (criminal to criminal) interactions focused solely on stealing customer data from SMBs that conduct business online. The same way you work every day to develop new, enticing products and easier ways for your customers to shop, cyber theft “shop owners” fuel this sub economy by devising faster, easier, and more effective methods by which to steal your company’s valuable data.

Preventing data leakage takes an ongoing, concerted effort, so it’s important that you take proactive control over your immediate environment. Here’s how:

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DDoS Attacks, The Ultimate Cyber Smackdown

by FireHost Evangelist on December 4th, 2009

CSA_05In MMA, fighters find the Guillotine or Rear Naked Choke to be reliable tactics for eliciting a submission. In cyber warfare, a DDoS attack is the “go to” move that produces the ultimate cyber smackdown effectively, time after time.

Just like choke holds, Denial of Service attacks come in a variety of flavors – Flood Attacks, SYN Attacks, Smurf Attacks, Ping of Death Attacks, and the ultimate tap out producer Distributed Denial of Service Attacks (to name a few). Each method is designed to achieve a single goal – stifle the target website or online application.

Generally speaking, DoS/DDoS attacks accomplish this by directing a flood of “packets” (fake visitors, often robots) to your website at the same time. In simple terms, a denial of service attack takes up all your hosting environment’s available bandwidth and resources making it impossible for human traffic to reach your website or service.

DoS/DDoS Popularity and Severity on the Rise

Geared toward taking sites offline rather than stealing information or deceiving unknowing web surfers, DoS/DDoS attacks could be regarded as the cyber “crime of passion”. These attacks have effectively silenced religious and political groups from publicly publishing their opinions. High-profile organizations make headlines most often, but really any group with “offbeat” opinions could be the target of a DoS/DDoS onslaught.

Extortion is another popular motive behind DoS/DDoS attacks. Just recently, several Australian sports-betting websites lost millions in revenue over a busy weekend when criminals held their web services hostage for ransom money. Other commercial entities are starting to feel the effect of DoS/DDoS deployments too. Recruit Advantage and Bitbucket have both recently suffered losses due to prolonged outages, and it’s only a matter of time before mass-market retailers use attack-for-hire services to wreck holiday sales for the competition.

DoS/DDoS attacks can take a website or online service to it’s knees effectively and inexpensively, so they are growing to become a popular add on to botnet operators’ portfolios. For a mere $200/day, common Rent-a-DDoS operations can dish out botnet deployments ranging from 100Mbps to 100Gbps. Prolonged over several days, an attack of this magnitude could leave your start-up with a 5-digit invoice for bandwidth.

How to Prevent a DoS/DDoS Smackdown

Unlike other cyber crimes, this type of attack may not pose a direct threat to your clients’ PII (personally identifiable information). That doesn’t spare you the expense of lost sales, regaining public opinion, and technical resources however. In addition to those more “expected” costs, you’ll face charges for the bandwidth consumed during the exploit, and that bill alone could be enough to lead your startup business to early retirement.

The worst part is that if a cyber opponent has you in his or her sights, you’re going down for the count. There are no known prevention methods on record. DoS/DDoS attacks are like a jump spinning rear kick delivered in your blindspot. Scary, deadly stuff.

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You’ve Been Hacked! Now What? A Guide for Entrepreneurs and eCommerce Website Owners

by FireHost Evangelist on November 25th, 2009

CSA_04You’ve just plopped down in your favorite chair after a big Turkey Day meal. Your first “real break” in months. Your only intention today is to relax because you know the next five weeks (from CyberMonday through New Years) will be non-stop, chaotic “fun” for your new business online.

Just as your head tips back and your mind wanders off to dream about the great momentum strong holiday sales will provide for your new enterprise, the phone rings. It’s your Web site developer. The news is not good. Somehow, someone has compromised your site’s customer database and taken critical customer data, like credit card information.

What you do in the next 48 hours will be critical to getting your business back online, on track, and on safe ground. Two things to remember: Transparency and Communication. It’s not just about restoring your Web site to a secure state but restoring your customer’s confidence to continue to shop with you.

Step 1: Announce and Assess (Timeframe: Immediately – 12 hours after the breach is discovered)

Immediately, get your site offline. Google has some specific recommendations regarding the best way to accomplish this.

Customers appreciate being notified as soon as possible, and they would rather hear it from you first. Plus, being the first to report the cyber crime lets you control the message. Concurrently, make a general public statement about what has happened and instruct all individuals (or companies) who have done business with your company to monitor their credit report and banking statements for inconsistencies.

Deliver the statement to all concerned parties via email and make sure to train all customer-facing representatives with the appropriate dialogue. Here’s a concise and effective example from Balmar Incorporated.

Step 2: Conduct a Deeper Investigation (Timeframe: 12 hours – 36 hours+)

Computer forensic auditors, PCI representatives, governmental agencies, and others may be involved in the process depending on the nature of your business.

Start by interviewing all personnel responsible for securing your environment and find out if they are aware of any known vulnerabilities. Next, begin reviewing log files with the following specific goals in mind: Identifying the date(s) of the breach, how many customers were compromised, and what information was stolen.

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Safe Cyber Shopping Suggestions for Consumers

by FireHost Evangelist on November 19th, 2009

CSA_03As consumers proceed full force into the online shopping season, it’s important to remember that good-hearted, upstanding citizens won’t be the only ones filling their shopping cart. As cybercriminals prepare to trade massive scores of PII (personally identifiable information) for cash in the “Underground Economy”, it’s important you recognize the risks and take steps necessary to protect your identity.

Symantec’s report on cybercrime reveals the volume and lucrativeness of identity theft.

  • Credit cards, the hottest commodity, account for nearly 33% of all illegal transactions and produce approximately $5.3 billion in revenue each year. Credit card numbers fetch between $0.10 to $25 per card, so compromising as many accounts as possible motivates thieves in this category.
  • Stolen financial accounts, the next most lucrative target, produce approximately $1.7 billion in revenue (20% of the total volume). Historically, stolen bank accounts have carried an average balance of $40,000 and sold for $10 and $1,000 each.

Crafty, sneaky, and increasingly sophisticated hacker techniques make it difficult to detect schemes, but (re)educating yourself on the risks and acting on protective measures will help prevent identity theft from ruining your holiday season.

#1 Check Statements Daily and Monitor Credit – Review transactions flowing thru your bank and credit card accounts daily. Detecting and reporting fraud or identify theft fast will “stop the bleeding” and increase the chances for a complete financial recovery. Federal law provides consumers one free copy of their credit report (from each of the reporting bureaus) every year. Toward the end of the middle or end of the holiday shopping season may be a strategic time to exercise your right. Contact Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax annually.

#2 Implement Password Confidentiality and Strength – Stolen passwords contribute a great deal to identity theft and security breaches taking place online. Password security seems so simple and obvious, but the recent incident with Hotmail shows that consumers are not following basic guidelines for safety and much work and education remains to be done. So, here are the top password guidelines (AGAIN!)

  • Don’t share your password with anyone.
  • Change passwords often.
  • Set a different, strong password for every website you visit. For example, Twitter should not have the same PW as your bank account or email, etc.
  • Strong passwords include 8 characters and a mix of symbols, numbers and letters.
  • Finally, a service like One Password can help make the task of implementing good password safety more manageable.

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Cyber Shopping Awareness and Preparedness for 2009

by FireHost Evangelist on November 9th, 2009

CSA_01Tis the season for shopping, travel, food, and family. Unlike holiday seasons of past, planning and performing these activities will involve the web. Booking travel online. Searching for great buys, and purchasing gifts for your family, friends, and clients. Discovering the best recipes and party ideas to ensure your holiday gathering is memorable. When you sit back to think about it, eCommerce is infiltrating our shopping lives, and for good reason.

  • eCommerce websites never close.
  • You can easily compare prices from multiple sellers.
  • No lines, crowded parking lots, or germs (H1N1).

All these benefits mean more and more people (of all ages and economic conditions) will be shopping online during the holidays in 2009 – enough to generate an estimated $156 Billion in sales. (Online shopping represents 36% of sales expected from all channels this winter according to the National Retail Federation.)

That’s music to the ears of cyberthieves. Like retailers, hackers are going into their busy season. The influx of shoppers using eCommerce websites over the next several weeks means that there are more cyber crime victims upon whom to prey.

Even if cybercriminals can only maintain conversion rates for malware (Trojans, rootkits, spyware, zero-day exploits, keyloggers, and viruses) and phishing attempts (spam), the voluminous spike in traffic means they will increase their earnings. Cyber thieves know that unpredictable traffic patterns and spikes can make it difficult to detect a security breach meaning hacks carried out during the holidays may go overlooked for a longer period of time.

So that’s that backdrop in front of which a secure web hosting provider views holiday 2009, and we’re up for the challenge.

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FBI Warns of “Money Mule” ACH Scheme Targeting SMB Bank Accounts

by FireHost Evangelist on November 5th, 2009

The FBI released a statement this week warning small and medium businesses about a significant increase in fraud involving valid online banking credentials.

“Within the last several months, the FBI has seen a significant increase in fraud involving the exploitation of valid online banking credentials belonging to small and medium businesses, municipal governments, and school districts. In a typical scenario, the targeted entity receives a “spear phishing” e-mail which either contains an infected attachment, or directs the recipient to an infected website. Once the recipient opens the attachment or visits the website, malware is installed on their computer. The malware contains a key logger which will harvest each recipient’s business or corporate bank account login information.”

The victims in this particular type of scheme are being referred to as “Money Mules” because they simply serve as a conduit between the SMB’s business bank account and the hacker’s bank account. In most cases, the funds disappear to a foreign bank account too quickly for the cyber theft trail to be detected.

It makes sense that small and medium businesses are targeted most often; hackers score more dollars per incident from business banking accounts than consumers. As a result of the heightened risk associated with the Money Mule scheme, the FBI encourages all business banking customers that use online banking to contact their financial institution and inquire about the security measures in place to help prevent Money Mule attacks.

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Stealth Cyber Attacks on SMBs are Increasingly Attractive to Hackers

by FireHost Evangelist on October 30th, 2009

steathattackMcAfee’s study, “The Security Paradox” examines how small and medium organizations that employ between 51-1,000 workers address IT security and growing cyber threats.

An overarching theme of the report reveals that SMBs around the world (and particularly in North America) believe they are too small and pose too little value to hackers to be worth their time, but recent trends in hacker and cybercrime activity reveal that’s just not the case.

In reality, SMBs’ limited resources, inadequate security, and lack of technical expertise make them more vulnerable to cyber attack, and hackers are taking notice.

Jeff Green, Senior VP of McAfee Avert Labs confirmed, “High profile attacks [on larger enterprises] are becoming less frequent because they are often detected quickly. Attackers are favoring stealth attacks that quietly infiltrate systems [of small and medium businesses].”

To change this trend, small and medium-sized organizations will need to make significant shifts in their fundamental values and budgetary allocations.

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Guardian Jobs Website Deliberately Hacked

by FireHost Evangelist on October 24th, 2009

The Guardian Jobs UK website was hacked Friday 10/23. The third party that runs the website has identified the manner in which the breach was carried out, but details have not been disclosed.

Users affected by the breach have been contacted by email and instructed to:

  1. Contact your creditors, even if they have not been affected, so that they can monitor your accounts to ensure they remain protected.
  2. Contact a credit reference agency: Callcredit, Equifax or Experian provide suggested steps to resolve the situation and prevent it happening again.
  3. Contact CIFAS protective registration: If you think you have been a victim of identity theft you should consider subscribing to CIFAS. This places a notice on your credit file indicating that your name and address may be used to perpetrate identity fraud.

Guardian Jobs confirmed that the US jobs site is independent of the UK operation and has not been effected.

WordPress 2.8.5: Hardening for Maximum Security

by FireHost Evangelist on October 21st, 2009

wp_securityThe WordPress Development team has been working feverishly to launch the next big release (2.9) by the end of October. However, security vulnerabilities pose such a threat to their HUGE user-base, they back-ported some of the 2.9 security patches into a version released yesterday – 2.8.5.

WordPress version 2.8.5 addresses the following security vulnerabilities:

  • Fixes the Trackback Denial-of-Service (DOS) attack vulnerability
  • Removes code areas where php code in variables are evaluated
  • Upgrades file upload functionality so all users (including Admins) are whitelisted
  • Retires two Tag data importers from old plug-ins

This interim release shows the WordPress Development Team’s commitment to protecting users with the maximum level of security they can provide. Impressive!

All WordPress users should harden their installation immediately by upgrading to this new version now. Upgrading your website is a great excuse to upgrade your hosting environment as well.

Ask yourself:

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USA Today: Cyberthieves find workplace networks are easy pickings

by FireHost Evangelist on October 16th, 2009

officeplace_r2_c2Between TJ Max and Heartland Payment Systems, cyber thieves compromised a quarter of a million credit card numbers. Court records from the trial of Albert Gonzalez, a hacker that plead guilty to fraud and conspiracy charges in both cases, reveal just how easily the thieves behind these breaches were able to obtain the information.

Cyber Criminal Technique #1: War Driving

War driving means “cruising” for WiFi signals. Once detected, cybercriminals use FREE password-breaking software to intercept the signal broadcasting from any home or business.

Monitoring WiFi networks over time, cyberthieves can establish a virtual private network and connect directly to a server or database.

Cyber Criminal Technique #2: SQL Injection

SQL injections are a popular way for cybercriminals to get inside “protected networks”. In a SQL injection attack, the hacker types random characters into a web form, such as a log in page. The attack may be carried out manually or using a robot to penetrate the form. Once inside, hackers can gain access to databases containing sensitive, personal information.

War driving and SQL injection attacks are the means to a cyber criminal’s end. Once the target server is breached, he or she implants a “sniffer” program. (Sniffers are widely available for free, and they are capable of logging all traffic moving across a network). Savvy hackers have devised and sell sniffers designed specifically to detect and record credit and debit card information.

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